Abstract
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) has been considered an orphan disease with limited treatments available. The available topical treatment for this condition is clindamycin lotion; however, short retention and frequent application are the main setbacks. Thus, the present study aimed to attain an optimized antibacterial in situ spray formulation for the hidradenitis suppurativa skin condition, which gels once in contact with the skin surface at around 37 °C and possesses bioadhesion as well as sustained-release properties of the incorporated drug. Different concentrations of thermo-reversible gelling polymer, Pluronic F-127, were investigated along with the selected bioadhesive polymers, HPMC and SA. The optimized formulation F3 consisting of 18% Pluronic F-127 with 0.2% HPMC and 0.2% SA was characterized based on various physicochemical properties. The gelation temperature of F3 was found to be 29.0 ± 0.50 °C with a gelation time of 1.35 ± 0.40 min and a pH of 5.8. F3 had the viscosity of 178.50 ± 5.50 cP at 25 °C and 7800 ± 200 cP at 37 °C as the gel set. The optimized formulation was found to be bioadhesive and cytocompatible. Cumulative drug release was 65.05% within the time-frame of 8 h; the release pattern of the drug followed zero-order kinetics with the Higuchi release mechanism. The average zone of inhibition was found to be 43.44 ± 1.34 mm. The properties of F3 formulation reflect to improve residence time at the site of application and can enhance sustained drug release. Therefore, it could be concluded that optimized formulation has better retention and enhanced antimicrobial activity for superior efficacy against HS.
Highlights
Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.Skin diseases are vastly affecting teenagers and adults around the world
There has been an effective treatment shown for the oral clindamycin in combination with rifampicin, but topical medications could avoid the possible irritation of the gastrointestinal tract (GI); this could prevent the complex metabolism of the drug happening within the liver, which would lead to an increment of bioavailability of the drug
Following several evaluations on the formulations with different bioadhesive polymers, an optimized in situ spray for local delivery of antibacterial drug intended for use on early stage Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) condition was developed using Pluronic F-127 as the thermo-reversible gelling polymer, with bioadhesive polymers HPMC and SA
Summary
Skin diseases are vastly affecting teenagers and adults around the world. It has been viewed as a major problem as there these skin diseases can affect patients’ everyday life, whereby their physical and social lives are impacted, with a great impact on the psychological aspects of the people around them [1]. HS can present in many people, where an appropriate early recognition and diagnosis are important to help patients understand the situation and ensure prompt disease management [5,6] to avoid an increase in the development of patients’ secondary psychiatric disorders, for instance, anxiety and depression, that could eventually lead to a higher risk of suicide [2]. A recent report revealed that the unemployment rate of the patients diagnosed with HS is
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