Abstract
In Egypt, speed humps are often thought as the best and cheapest tool to reduce vehicles speed and consequently decrease the number of potential accidents. The lack of standards in Egypt led to the installation of a number of speed humps with random dimensions and without good justification. They have become in many cases a source of disturbance and discomfort to drivers and passengers especially when they are poorly designed and located. So, standard design guidelines are disparately required. Three streets from the urban road network of Kafr El-Sheikh city were chosen to collect field data. A total of 51 speed humps were chosen for field data survey. Although there are many design shapes of speed humps, the study focused only on the sinusoidal type. As observed in the field survey, it was found that more than 74% of the observed road humps were of the sinusoidal type. The screening process resulted in only 24 sinusoidal shape speed humps from the 51 speed humps firstly chosen. For speed measurement, data were collected by installing a recording camera beside the road carriageway of each speed hump for an hour time interval. Spot speed for three types of vehicles was measured from the recorded videos for each site by using the logger program software. The operating speeds (V85%) at humps locations have been obtained for different vehicles. Regression analysis models were developed to represent the relationships between the operating speeds (V85%) at humps locations for motorcycles, passenger cars vehicles, and microbuses and three variables, hump length, hump height, and the spacing between successive speed humps. Generally, the results demonstrated that spot speed is significantly influenced by speed hump geometric dimension and the spacing between them. Finally, the developed regression lines can be used easily for setting the geometric dimensions for each proposed hump location.
Highlights
Traffic calming is defined by the Institute of Traffic Engineers (ITE) as “the combination of mainly physical measures to reduce the negative effects of motor vehicle use, alter driver behavior, and improve conditions for nonmotorized street users” [1, 2]
Results and Analysis is section discusses the correlation and regression statistical analyses describing the relationships between the hump-crossing speed as a dependent variable and three variables, namely, hump length, hump height, and the spacing between speed humps as independent variables. e statistical package for the social sciences software (SPSS V22) program was used for conducting the statistical analysis of the obtained data
Correlation Analysis. is section is devoted to describing the correlations between hump-crossing speeds and speed hump characteristics that mentioned above. is could help for better understanding of the association between hump-crossing speeds and variables representing speed hump characteristics
Summary
Since speed humps are a very effective means of calming traffic, the main purpose of installation of speed humps is to reduce speed and volume of traffic to acceptable limits in order to enhance safety for pedestrians and motorists [3]. The speed humps spread along most Egyptian roads, and they have become a source of disturbance to all road users They may result in considerable traffic jams; this is due to the random way in which humps are installed. Tactile stimuli include the vertical raising of the road pavement with the use of different devices such as “humps” and “bumps” which are currently installed in many countries. A speed hump is a raised area from the pavement, installed transversely to the traffic flow and having several design shapes such as sinusoidal, circular, parabolic, and flat-topped profile [3]. A speed hump is a raised area from the pavement, installed transversely to the traffic flow and having several design shapes such as sinusoidal, circular, parabolic, and flat-topped profile [3]. e speed humps are supposed to serve two main objectives, the first is to force the drivers to decrease their speeds to avoid the uncomfortable crossing on the hump and the second is to reduce the rate of accidents [2]. e speed humps can reduce the speed of vehicles gently to 15 km/h to 30 km/h, and they may cover the entire width of the road or cover a part of it [7]
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