Abstract
In heat treatment of materials, the phase transformation is an important phenomenon, which determines the final microstructure. The microstructure of different materials described by such parameters as morphology, grain size, phase fraction and their spatial distribution, largely effects on the mechanical and functional properties of final products. The subject of the work is a development of a hybrid model based on CA and Lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for modeling of the diffusion phase transformation. The model has a modular structure and simulates three basic phenomena: diffusion, heat flow and phase transformation. The objective of the paper is a presentation of module of the hybrid model for simulation of heat flow with considering of enthalpy of transformation. This is one of the stages in the development of the model and obtained results will be used in a combined solution of heat transfer and diffusion during the modeling of diffusion phase transformations. Lately, the model will be extended to three dimensions and will use hybrid computational systems (CPU and GPU). CA and LBM are used in the model as follows. LBM is used for modeling of heat flow, while CA is used for modeling of microstructure evolution during the phase transformation. The main factors considered in the model are the enthalpy of transformation and heat transfer. The paper presents the results of the modeling of the new phase growth determined by different values of overcooling affecting on different values in the enthalpy of transformation. The heat flow is simulated and the results for some modeling variants are shown. Examples of simulation results obtained from the modeling are presented in the form of images, which present the growth of new phase and temperature distributions.
Highlights
Cubic to monoclinic martensitic phase transformation in nickel–titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys [13] and for modeling of martensitic transformation [14]
Taking into account the modeling of the diffusion phase transformations and existing models, it can be seen that a lot of limitations exists for example in relation to the choice of the shape of growing grains and the introduction of variable grain growth rate, and only some models allow for accurately modeling of diffusion phenomena and there are a few comprehensive studies, which combine the final microstructure with the actual conditions of its formation
The objective of the work is a development of a new hybrid model based on Lattice Boltzmann Method and Cellular Automata for modeling of the diffusion phase transformations
Summary
Cubic to monoclinic martensitic phase transformation in nickel–titanium (NiTi) shape memory alloys [13] and for modeling of martensitic transformation [14]. The objective of the work is a development of a new hybrid model based on Lattice Boltzmann Method and Cellular Automata for modeling of the diffusion phase transformations. The paper presents the structure of the hybrid model and its basic modules – the main attention is paid on the temperature and microstructure evolution modules, and the simulation of heat flow with consideration of the enthalpy of transformation. It is one of the stages in development of the model. The results obtained from the heat flow model were directly linked with the microstructure evolution model, based on cellular automata. Evolution of distribution function can be described by the following expression: fk x
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