Development of Fly Ash Coal/TiO2 Pored Composite Materials in The Making of Ceramic Membrane for Water Treatment Process

Abstract

The ceramic membrane is a synthetic membrane, also called an inorganic membrane. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the characteristics of fly ash ceramic membrane and their performance for water treatment. The ceramic membrane fabrication process uses a printing process with a pressure of 1 atm with a burning temperature of 1100°C for 7 hours. The stages of this research include 1) composition optimization experiments with variations in the composition of fly ash and kaolin clay and temperature, 2) Characterization of ceramic membranes obtained by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) tests. Optimization is carried out by varying the composition using a ratio of fly ash kaolin clay MB1: 40%: 20 %: 30%; MB2: 30%: 30%: 30%; MB3: 20%: 40%: 30% with a combustion temperature of 1100°C with a combustion process time of 7 hours. From the research results obtained, the porosity test results MB1 porosity 42%; The porosity of MB2 is 44%; The porosity MB3 is 50.22% from the porosity test results showing the higher composition of coal fly ash, the smaller porosity obtained. This phenomenon occurs during the combustion or sintering process to minimize the membrane pores. The structure of the membrane pores can be seen by the characterization test using SEM. SEM test results show that the MB1 ceramic membrane has delicate pores so that it has the potential to be applied. The experimental results showed that the utilization of fly ash for ceramic membrane material was promising for water treatment due to its excellent properties and filtration performance.