Abstract

Force-feedback mechanisms have been designed to simplify and enhance the human–vehicleinterface. The increase in secondary controls within vehicle cockpits has created a desire fora simpler, more efficient human–vehicle interface. By consolidating various controls into asingle, haptic feedback control device, information can be transmitted to the operator,without requiring the driver’s visual attention. In this paper electro-rheological fluid (ERF)based rotary resistive actuators are presented that will be used in haptic interfacesfor vehicle instrument control. ERFs are liquids that respond mechanically toelectric fields by changing their properties, such as viscosity and shear stress,electroactively. Using the electrically controlled rheological properties of ERFs,we have developed actuating elements for haptic devices that can resist humanoperator forces in a controlled and tunable fashion. The design of two types of ERFbased resistive actuator is presented in detail. The analytical model is derived,parametric analysis is performed, and experimental systems and data are presented.

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