Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HAp) is a ceramic material composing the inorganic portion of bones. Ionic substitutions enhance characteristics of HAp, for example, calcium ions (Ca2+) by cerium ions (Ce3+). The use of HAp is potentialized through biopolymers, cashew gum (CG), and gellan gum (GG), since CG/GG is structuring agents in the modeling of structured biocomposites, scaffolds. Ce-HApCG biocomposite was synthesized using a chemical precipitation method. The obtained material was frozen (–20 °C for 24 h), and then vacuum dried for 24 h. The Ce-HApCG was characterized by X-Ray diffractograms (XRD), X-ray photoemission spectra (XPS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). XRD and FTIR showed that Ce-HApCG was successfully synthesized. XRD showed characteristic peaks at 2θ = 25.87 and 32.05, corresponding to the crystalline planes (0 0 2) and (2 1 1), respectively, while phosphate bands were present at 1050 cm−1 and 1098 cm−1, indicating the success of composite synthesis. FESEM showed pores and incorporated nanostructured granules of Ce-HApCG. The mechanical test identified that Ce-HApCG has a compressive strength similar to the cancellous bone’s strength and some allografts used in surgical procedures. In vitro tests (MTT assay and hemolysis) showed that scaffold was non-toxic and exhibited low hemolytic activity. Thus, the Ce-HApCG has potential for application in bone tissue engineering.
Highlights
Hydroxyapatite (HAP), Ca10 (PO4 )6 (OH)2, is a bioceramic that is widely studied today.The motivational factor is based on the compatibility and chemical similarity between hydroxyapatite and various parts of the human body, including bone and dental tissues [1]
The scaffold was obtained by means of a cylindrical mold with physical characteristics corresponding to the mold used in the synthesis with a slightly yellowish coloration and a cylindrical area of 13.48 mm in diameter and 13.54 mm in height
The results showed that scaffold has the ability to absorb the ions from the PBS solution in its spongy structure; it is believed that the scaffold synthesized in this study may interact with body fluids [68,69] and that considering the standard deviation, a constant variation in mass is observed, regardless of immersion days in PBS
Summary
Hydroxyapatite (HAP), Ca10 (PO4 ) (OH) , is a bioceramic that is widely studied today. The motivational factor is based on the compatibility and chemical similarity between hydroxyapatite and various parts of the human body, including bone and dental tissues [1]. Albbe began the studies of these materials in 1920 with the use of tricalcium phosphate Among the motivating factors of interest in these biomaterials is the fact that calcium phosphates are osteogenic, osteoconductive, and osteoinductive materials [4,5,6,7], added to excellent results when used as materials for orthopedic implant coatings and as substitute materials for parts of the human body [1,4,8]. Pure HAp may present low reabsorption by the organism [9], which affects
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
