Abstract
In connection with an increase in the harmfulness of pathogens causing berry rot on strawberries, a high risk of developing resistance to chemical synthesis drugs and a long waiting period for these fungicides, research on the selection of microbiological means of protecting crops from the dominant pathogens of berry rot is relevant. The purpose of the research: assessment of the biological effectiveness against sulfur and berry’s anthracnose rot of microbiological preparations and the development of regulations for their use in the conditions of the Western Ciscaucasia. The studies were carried out in 2019-2020 in the Krasnodar Territory on the Onda variety. The greatest biological effectiveness against the pathogen of gray rot was noted for the drug Fitosporin-M, Zh (with a consumption rate of 2.0 l / ha) - 81.2%. Slightly lower efficiency was obtained for Alirin-B, Zh (40 l / ha) and Alirin-B, SP (40 g / ha): 75.4 and 70.0%, respectively. Fitosporin-M, Zh (2.0 l / ha) and Alirin-B, SP (40 g / ha), respectively, showed high biological effectiveness against the causative agent of anthracnose rot - 86.1 and 81.9%. The elements of a biologized technology for protecting garden strawberries from these pathogens are recommended, which allow maximizing the yield, improving the quality of products by increasing its environmental safety, and preventing a decrease in the sensitivity of B. cinerea and C. acutatu to chemical fungicides. Highly effective reduction of the infectious stock in the period after flowering and before harvesting, inclusive, allows in the second half of the growing season to reduce the number of treatments by 1-2, thereby reducing energy consumption.
Highlights
IntroductionOne of the most dangerous phytopathogens in the southern region for garden strawberries are pathogens of gray rot, Botrytis cinerea Pers., And anthracnose rot of berries, Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds
One of the most cultivated berry crops in horticulture is Fragaria x ananassa Duch
The elements of a biologized technology for protecting garden strawberries from these pathogens are recommended, which allow maximizing the yield, improving the quality of products by increasing its environmental safety, and preventing a decrease in the sensitivity of B. cinerea and C. acutatu to chemical fungicides
Summary
One of the most dangerous phytopathogens in the southern region for garden strawberries are pathogens of gray rot, Botrytis cinerea Pers., And anthracnose rot of berries, Colletotrichum acutatum Simmonds. According to Suty et al, The pathogen of gray rot has a high degree of development of resistance to the chemicals used [4]. In the studies of I.A.Undritsova, the drug Alirin-B, SP, with a consumption rate of 0.06 g / ha, did not show a significant effect when applied during the flowering period, high efficiency was noted when applied after standard preparations used to protect strawberries from rot. The researcher notes the high efficiency of the drug Pharmayod [7]
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