Development of amoxicillin Trihydrate-Loaded lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticles for skin infection

Abstract

Bacterial infections are growing rapidly and are considered as a key public health concern in recent years. Antibacterial agents are generally preferred for the treatment of bacterial infections. However, available treatment options need to be addressed for better therapeutic effectiveness. Lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticles are one of the novel nanocarrier systems which can be used to load hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In the current study, amoxicillin trihydrate-laden lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticles were fabricated by the emulsification technique. The formulation showed particle size and PDI<200 nm and 0.3, respectively. The entrapment efficiency was found to be about 94.76 ± 0.27 %. The morphological characterization was studied by Cryo-SEM and it showed a smooth surface with a spherical shape. In addition, the in vitro release was performed in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer using a dialysis membrane. The drug-loaded lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticle gel exhibited sustained release behavior and attained 90 % of release in 24 h. The zone of inhibition study was done against Staphylococcus aureus. The stability data showed promising results, and the nanoparticles were found to be stable over a period of two months. Moreover, MTT assay on human dermal fibroblast cells suggests that amoxicillin trihydrate-loaded lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticles are as safe as amoxicillin trihydrate solution and are thus non-toxic and biocompatible. As a whole, it can be concluded that lyotropic liquid crystal nanoparticles might be one of the potential nanocarriers for the loading of amoxicillin trihydrate and could be used with to treat superficial bacterial skin infections.