Abstract
Due to the evolution of extracorporeal lithotripsy equipment (ESWL) and presently, the fact that most part of the equipment does not present ultrasound to localize urinary calculi, a system that allows adapting ultrasound equipment to ESWL equipment was developed, disposing only of fluoroscopy. Thus, this equipment was developed and was tested in urinary stones in canine models, to check its precision in relation to fluoroscopy. Seven male dogs were utilized with the introduction, in the bladder through the ureteral route, of chalkstones, with initial localization by fluoroscopy, with a further ultrasound coincidence check localization of the vesical stones, being submitted to ESWL with a 3-hour, 21 days and 60 days follow-up after the procedure. Success of localization in all animals was verified presenting elimination of stones in the first micturitions, after ESWL. No complications were verified in those animals for 60 days. We verified that this equipment can lead to an update of the equipment that use only fluoroscopy, increasing in this way, their technical capacity in the treatment of urinary calculi, mainly in cases of non-radiopaque stones.
Highlights
INTRODUCTIONAfter its introduction in 1980, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) dramatically changed the direction of the treatment of urolithiasis
Due to the evolution of extracorporeal lithotripsy equipment (ESWL) and presently, the fact that most part of the equipment does not present ultrasound to localize urinary calculi, a system that allows adapting ultrasound equipment to extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) equipment was developed, disposing only of fluoroscopy
All ESWL machines consist of the following elements: 1) a shockwave generator, 2) a shockwave focusing system, 3) a urinary stone imaging or localization system, 4) a patient coupling mechanism [1,2]
Summary
After its introduction in 1980, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) dramatically changed the direction of the treatment of urolithiasis. Advantages are visualization of radiopaque and radiotransparent stones, real time monitoring of the procedure without ionizing radiation Despite those big advantages, there are important disadvantages: ability of the operator with the ultrasound and stones in urinary tract mid and lower ureter. The development of this equipment aims at the modernization of already existing lithotripsy equipment in use such as Breakstone, Macstone, Medstone, Econolith and Lithomax; and they can be adapted to any 7.5 MHz probe of the most different ultrasound equipment models, either convex or linear, together with fluoroscopy of the original equipment Such equipment would be updated and become more competitive with new equipment that holds both localization and calculation technologies
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