Development of a system of energy technological processing of coal deposits for energy and other industries

Abstract

In connection with the forthcoming toughening of environmental requirements, including during the operation of energy facilities, as well as in order to more fully use the resources of the fuel and energy complex and mineral deposits in the Russian Federation, it is proposed to review the principles of developing coal deposits and preparing energy coal and other resources coal deposits for burning at thermal power plants. The main resources of coal deposits considered in this work are steam coal and mine gas, which is present in most coal deposits of the Russian Federation. The gas content of coal seams can reach 35 m3 in terms of 1 ton of dry ashless coal mass. Direct coal combustion at thermal power plants leads to the formation of a large number of emissions of substances that negatively affect the environment. The main emissions from coal flaring are fly ash and slag, toxic sulfur and nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The following technologies are used to reduce the amount of these substances in the flue gases: wet and dry scrubber systems, the organization of fuel combustion, aimed at reducing toxin emissions (in particular nitrogen compounds), the use of various types of filters to clean flue gases from volatile ash and slag particles and etc. To increase the effectiveness of the fight against toxic and polluting emissions, the team of authors proposes to use solid fuel pre-processing as part of the operation of the energy technology plant together with the used cleaning systems. The type of energy technology plant, depending on the tasks to be solved within the development region, can be different. To implement the processes of energy technological processing and in the framework of reducing effluents from energy facilities, the issue of the reuse of highly mineralized, oil-contaminated and oiled wastewater from thermal power plants and highly mineralized wastewater from coal deposits, as well as the reuse of spent TPP lubricants in the plant cycle, is being considered. To increase the calorific value of the synthetic gas produced in the plant’s cycle, the issue of its joint combustion with purified mine gas produced in the coal field under development is considered. Mine gas is also cleaned in the plant cycle.