Abstract
Whole-body bioelectrical impedance analysis for measuring body composition has been well-explored but may not be sensitive enough to changes in the trunk compared to changes in the limbs. Measuring individual body segments can address this issue. A segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy device (SBISD) was designed for body composition measurement and a prototype was implemented. Compensation was performed to adjust the measured values to correct for a phase difference at high frequencies and to counteract the hook effect when measuring the human body. The SBISD was used to measure five subjects and was compared against three existing analyzers. For most segmental measurements, the SBISD was within 10% of the R0 and R∞ values determined with a Bodystat Multiscan 5000 and an Impedimed SFB7. The impedance values from the third reference device, a Seca 514, differed significantly due to its eight-electrode measuring technique, meaning impedance measurements could not be compared directly.
Highlights
Measuring and tracking body composition can help to assess and track the health of an individual in areas such as nutrition, hydration, and recovery monitoring [1]
The segmental bioelectrical impedance spectroscopy device (SBISD) whole-body measurements were within 5% of both the Multiscan 5000 and SFB7, except for R∞ of subject 2, where it differed by 5% from the Multiscan 5000 and 6.8% of the SFB7
For the case where it was more than 10% from the Multiscan 5000, it was within 10% of the SFB7
Summary
Measuring and tracking body composition can help to assess and track the health of an individual in areas such as nutrition, hydration, and recovery monitoring [1]. Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has been explored to address these topics. This technique measures the impedance of the body, typically from wrist to ankle, when subjected to a small current injected into the body. This current is applied with gel tab electrodes or hand grips and foot pads. BIS, when analyzing individual body segments, is a BIA technique that has not been fully explored, and could allow for a noninvasive, quick, portable, and relatively inexpensive method for determining and tracking body composition. The resistance and reactance at each frequency are plotted and fitted with a curve, called a Cole–Cole curve, to allow for extrapolation of the body resistance at a theoretical zero frequency, R0 , and the body resistance at a theoretical infinite frequency, R∞ [1]
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