Abstract
Trichinellosis, which is caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella, is one of the most important zoonotic parasite diseases in the world. A rapid and sensitive immunochromatographic strip (ICS) based on Eu (III) nanoparticles (EuNPs) was developed for the detection of Trichinella spiralis (T. spiralis) infection in pigs. T. spiralis muscle larvae excretory secretory or preadult worm excretory secretory (ML-ES or PAW-ES) antigens were conjugated with EuNPs probes to capture T. spiralis-specific antibodies in pig sera, after which the complex bound to mouse anti-pig IgG deposited on the test line (T-line), producing a fluorescent signal. In the pigs infected with 100, 1000 and 10 000 ML, seroconversion was first detectable for the EuNPs-ML-ES ICS at 30, 25 and 21 days post-infection (dpi) and for the EuNPs-PAW-ES ICS at 25, 21 and 17 dpi. These results show that EuNPs-PAW-ES ICS detects anti-Trichinella IgG in pigs 4–5 days earlier that test using ML-ES antigens. Our ICS have no cross reaction with other parasite infection sera. Furthermore, the detection process could be completed in 10 min. This study indicated that our ICS can be used for the detection of the circulating antibodies in early T. spiralis infection and provide a novel method for on-site detection of T. spiralis infection in pigs.
Highlights
Trichinellosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella, which have a global geographical distribution and affects a wide variety of more than 150 carnivorous and omnivorous animals [1,2,3]
Muscle larvae excretory secretory (MLES) antigens are produced by T. spiralis muscle larvae (ML), and ML-ES antigens are commonly used in serological methods for the diagnosis of Trichinella infections in animals and humans [10,11,12]
Previous study reported that adult worm excretory secretory (AW-ES) can be identified by the anti-Trichinella antibodies in early T. spiralis infection [14, 15]
Summary
Trichinellosis is a parasitic zoonotic disease caused by nematodes of the genus Trichinella, which have a global geographical distribution and affects a wide variety of more than 150 carnivorous and omnivorous animals [1,2,3]. After the host ingests the meat containing T. spiralis, the infective larvae are released in the muscle tissue of the ingested meat and migrate into the small intestine. They shed four molts and develop into adult worms (AW) within 30–36 h post-infection. Muscle larvae excretory secretory (MLES) antigens are produced by T. spiralis ML, and ML-ES antigens are commonly used in serological methods for the diagnosis of Trichinella infections in animals and humans [10,11,12]. Previous study reported that adult worm excretory secretory (AW-ES) can be identified by the anti-Trichinella antibodies in early T. spiralis infection [14, 15]. ML-ES and PAW-ES antigens were applied and evaluated for the detection of T. spiralis infection by ICS in this study
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