Development of a new aerofoil profile with a high lift-to-drag ratio for wind turbines using a low fidelity accurate optimization flow solver

Abstract

Abstract A significant amount of work is performed on various aerofoil profiles to improve their characteristics for wind turbine applications. The main purpose is to increase the power output of wind turbines by increasing the lift-to-drag ratio of the aerofoil blade sections. However, most of the developed aerofoil profiles work well only at their design angles of attack and for low Reynolds numbers with a very dramatic stall that could significantly influence the characteristics of the aerofoil profiles and the performance of wind turbines. The present paper is conducted to develop a new aerofoil profile with more gradual stall characteristics that works efficiently for different operational conditions (clean and rough working conditions) similar to those encountered by wind turbines in the free environment. The new aerofoil profile was developed based on a combination between experimental Box–Behnken design and XFOIL code, measurements, and 2D simulation conducted by computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. The established aerofoil can be used for wind turbine blades because it gives high lift-to-drag-ratios with very smooth and gradual stall characteristics even under very rough operating conditions.