Abstract
Infection with Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world. Congenital Toxoplasmosis (CT) is particularly risky due to its fetal complications. Sulfadiazine (SDZ) and Pyrimethamine (PYR) are usually used for CT treatment in Argentina, to prevent morbidity. Due to the lack of commercial pediatric formulations, these must be prepared in the hospital pharmacy. This is the first report of serum concentrations measures in pediatric CT therapy for this combination of drugs. A bioanalytical method was developed for identification and simultaneous quantification of SDZ and PYR by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection. The validated method was applied to residual serum samples obtained from 6 pediatric patients undergoing treatment with SDZ 42.20 a 93.70 mg/kg/day and PYR 0.77 a 2.70 mg/kg/day. Sample pretreatment consisted on a deproteinization step followed by centrifugation and then injection of supernatant. Limit of Detection (LOD) and Quantification (LOQ) were (0.17 ± 0.02 and 0.13 ± 0.02) μg/mL and (0.46 ± 0.01 and 0.36 ± 0.01) μg/mL for SDZ and PYR respectively, with an appropriate linear range. Concentrations range found were ( - 162.04 ± 0.02) μg/mL for SDZ and ( - 7.30 ± 0.03) μg/mL for PYR. We developed and validated in real pediatric samples, an acute, precise and low-cost method for quantification of SDZ and PYR using a non-sophisticate chromatographic equipment, suitable for hospital therapeutic monitoring for public health system.
Highlights
Infection with Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world
Due to the lack of commercial pediatric formulations, these must be prepared in the hospital pharmacy. This is the first report of serum concentrations measures in pediatric Congenital Toxoplasmosis (CT) therapy for this combination of drugs
A bioanalytical method was developed for identification and simultaneous quantification of SDZ and PYR by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) with UV detection
Summary
Infection with Toxoplasma gondii, is one of the most widespread zoonoses in the world. The infection is acquired mainly by food contaminated with parasite cysts, and is usually asymptomatic. The congenital infection is risky, with rates of mother-to-baby transmission approaching 90% in the last month of pregnancy. The infection is asymptomatic, and the diagnosis is made by serological screening. An early diagnosis followed by treatment of CT in infants provides a better resolution of clinical signs compared to those not treated [3] [4]. Between 10% and 30% of prenatal infections result in abortion, death of the newborn or severe clinical signs at birth [5] [6]. About 67% of congenital infections are clinically asymptomatic at birth and may develop symptoms later, predominantly ocular lesions [3] [6]
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