Development of a method for calculating fire and oil spills parameters

Abstract

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the system of early monitoring of oil spills, providing informational support for the prevention and elimination of accidental spills of oil and petroleum products on water and land, leading to environmental pollution, fires and accidents at hazardous production facilities (HPF), as well as economic losses, is a promising direction. It is aimed to ensure environmental, fire and industrial safety at every stage of production, storage and transportation of petroleum products, as well as the safety of the natural environment. The purpose of the research: the development of modern methods of monitoring fires and accidental oil and petroleum products spills. The integration of the special software into a single emergency response system to ensure quick response of fire and rescue teams. The objects of the research: the systems of response to accidental oil spillage and fires and variants of solutions of these problems at all stages of oil production and transportation. The methods of the research: the monitoring is based on a comprehensive approach to solving the problem of detection and prediction of the oil pollution [1], based on the joint analysis of heterogeneous data obtained by remote sensing using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The software package, built in C++, allows you to automate the ongoing operations of determining the area of the liquid spill, improve the reliability of the measurement results, reduce the time of the preparation for experiments. The results of the research: in order to solve this problem it was decided to use unmanned aerial vehicles. UAVs have a clear advantage over manned systems in situations where efficiency is required. The reduction of the overall response time is obtained by the fact that there is no need to deploy the support tools that are required when manned aircraft is used. It was proposed to install the following devices on the UAV for detection of oil spills: microwave radiometer sensor, radar, laser radar, infrared and ultraviolet spectrometers. They allow to identify an emergency situation, conduct remote spectrum analysis, that helps calculate the area and the thickness of the oil slick, gives the possibility of obtaining images that carry information about the gas composition of subsurface layers. Thus, the use of UAVs with the detection sensors will allow eliminating the accident promptly in the oil fields and will help to reduce the risk of further environmental pollution [2]. On the basis of experimental data obtained with the help of the developed software product «Monitoring», it was found out that there was the functional dependence of the spill area on the properties of liquids and the surfaces of the spill, as well as on the technological characteristics of oil transportation through pipelines.