Abstract
A new analytical procedure of determination of multiresidue of pesticides based on application of the modified QuEChERS approach at the step of sample preparation and technique GC-MS/MS has been developed and applied for studies the real honey and honeybee samples. Samples were collected from northern Poland (Pomerania). The proposed procedure enables for the determination of 34 and 30 pesticide residues respectively in honey and honeybee samples. The recovery of analytes was between 70 and 120% with relative standard deviation ≤ 20%. The limits of quantification were in the range of 2.3-27 ng/g and 2.2-29 ng/g respectively for honey and honeybee samples. The proposed procedure was proven to be a powerful, highly sensitive, and environmentally friendly analytical tool that requires minimal sample preparation.
Highlights
Pesticides are widely present in the environment, including water and soils, and foodstuffs, as a result of the application of phyto sanitary products in modern agriculture
The proposed new analytical procedure allows for determination of 34 multiclass pesticides in honey and 30 multiclass pesticides in honeybee samples in a single analytical run
The method was validated according to the regulation “Method Validation and Quality Control Procedures for Pesticide Residues Analysis in Food and Feed” [48] and was applied to determine pesticide levels in real samples from the northern part of Poland (Pomerania)
Summary
Pesticides are widely present in the environment, including water and soils, and foodstuffs, as a result of the application of phyto sanitary products in modern agriculture. The methodology was optimized and it was validated according to the regulation “Method Validation and Quality Control Procedures for Pesticide Residues Analysis in Food and Feed” [48] This methodology allows for the monitoring of pesticides belonging to various classes for use of bee organisms and their products as the indicators of environmental contamination
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