Abstract
An LSDYNA finite element model of the knee-thigh-hip (KTH) of a 50th percentile male was developed for exploring mechanics of injuries to the KTH during frontal crashes. This includes a model of the geometry of bones and also discrete element representations of ligaments and muscles of the KTH. The model was validated using physical tests obtained from the National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration's (NHTSA) test database. Validation of individual components like the upper femur, femoral condyles and pelvis were performed and compared to similar physical tests. The results were used to verify geometry, material properties and failure mechanisms of bone materials. Validations were also performed against a whole-body cadaver test to verify contributions of passive muscle and ligament forces. Failure mechanisms in the tests and simulations were compared to ensure the model provides a useful tool for exploring fractures in the KTH resulting from frontal vehicle crashes.
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