Abstract
Purpose: Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors, and its occurrence and prognosis are closely related to inflammation. The aim of the present study was to identify gene signatures and construct an immune-related gene (IRG) prognostic model in STAD using bioinformatics analysis.Methods: RNA sequencing data from healthy samples and samples with STAD, IRGs, and transcription factors were analyzed. The hub IRGs were identified using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses. Using the hub IRGs, we constructed an IRG prognostic model. The relationships between IRG prognostic models and clinical data were tested.Results: A total of 289 differentially expressed IRGs and 20 prognostic IRGs were screened with a threshold of P<0.05. Through multivariate stepwise Cox regression analysis, we developed a prognostic model based on seven IRGs. The prognostic model was validated using a GEO dataset (GSE 84437). The IRGs were significantly correlated with the clinical outcomes (age, histological grade, N, and M stage) of STAD patients. The infiltration abundances of dendritic cells and macrophages were higher in the high-risk group than in the low-risk group.Conclusions: Our results provide novel insights into the pathogenesis of STAD. An IRG prognostic model based on seven IRGs exhibited the predictive value, and have potential application value in clinical decision-making and individualized treatment.
Highlights
Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the fifth most common malignancy in the world
We found that these prognosis-related immune-related gene (IRG) were mostly enriched in several gene ontology terms associated with the regulation of the JAK–STAT cascade, receptor regulator activity, and receptor ligand activity
We focused on immunogenomic profiles and their corresponding clinical significance and found that some IRGs are closely related to the progression of STAD through bioinformatic analysis
Summary
Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) is the fifth most common malignancy in the world. It is characterized by high mortality, high degree of malignancy, and strong heterogeneity [1]. In China, more than half of STAD patients when first seen clinically are diagnosed with stage III or IV disease [2], which excludes them as candidates for surgery. The prognosis of patients with metastatic STAD is poor with a median overall survival (OS) of 1 year [3]. For these patients, the treatment options are usually limited to chemo-/radiotherapy. Immunotherapy has attracted considerable attention from clinicians and patients
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