Development and transfer of appropriate technologies for peasant farmers in developing countries: Analysis of linkages between FSR and T and V system organizations

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The bottlenecks in the research on and transfer of appropriate agricultural technologies were met in the peripheral countries by the development and establishment of new approaches, methods and organizational arrangements. A new style of research, the FSR approach and an extension system, the T and V approach, were developed and implemented. The transfer of the research results from the FSR facilities to the T and V organizations still, however, represents a bottleneck. Although there is no doubt as to the necessity of close cooperation between the research and extension services, the various types of organizations with their diverse decision-making and management styles, the differences in the orientation of the members, and alternative development strategies hinder the cooperation. This is the essence of a study of organizations based on the contingency approach.