Abstract
Here we present a new biomaterial based on cellulose, collagen and polyurethane, obtained by dissolving in butyl imidazole chloride. This material served as a matrix for the incorporation of tannin and lipoic acid, as well as bioactive substances with antioxidant properties. The introduction of these bioactive principles into the base matrix led to an increase of the compressive strength in the range 105–139 kPa. An increase of 29.85% of the mucoadhesiveness of the film containing tannin, as compared to the reference, prolongs the bioavailability of the active substance; a fact also demonstrated by the controlled release studies. The presence of bioactive principles, as well as tannins and lipoic acid, gives biomaterials an antioxidant capacity on average 40%–50% higher compared to the base matrix. The results of the tests of the mechanical resistance, mucoadhesiveness, bioadhesiveness, water absorption and antioxidant capacity of active principles recommend these biomaterials for the manufacture of cosmetic masks or patches.
Highlights
Natural polymers present a large variety of biological applications due to their low cost, biodegradability and biocompatibility, and have become, in recent years, an important starting point for biomaterials with applications in medicine, as delivery systems for drugs and cell therapies, or as scaffolds for tissue engineering, implants and wound dressings [1]
We have considered collagen type I as a component of our biomaterials because it is a triple-helical conformation comprising of three polypeptide chains intertwined in a right-handed manner, and it is one of the main components of the extracellular matrix
The addition of filler particles to the cellulose–collagen–polyurethane matrix induced a progressive increase of the compression strength, as well as the strain of the materials
Summary
Natural polymers present a large variety of biological applications due to their low cost, biodegradability and biocompatibility, and have become, in recent years, an important starting point for biomaterials with applications in medicine, as delivery systems for drugs and cell therapies, or as scaffolds for tissue engineering, implants and wound dressings [1]. Cellulose is the most abundant semi-crystalline natural polymer, consisting of repeating glucose units bounded by β-1,4-glycosidic bonds [5]. It presents a good hydrophilicity, high sorption capacity and cost-effectiveness, as well as biocompatibility and an ability to maintain moisture, which recommend cellulose for different biomedical or cosmetic applications [6]
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