Development and optimization of interpenetrating network beads of delonix regia gum and sodium alginate using response surface methodology

Remeth J Dias ,Nitin Salunkhe,Kailas K Mali ,Vishwajeet Sampatrao Ghorpade ,Vijay D Havaldar ,Jyoti Harishchandra Shinde

doi:10.7324/japs.2015.50511

Abstract

The aim of present investigation was to develop and optimize sustained release interpenetrating network (IPN) beads of delonix regia seed polysaccharide (DRG) and sodium alginate using response surface methodology. Diclofenac sodium (DS) was chosen as model drug. A central composite design was used to study and optimize the effect of independent variables (A: sodium alginate:DRG ratio and B: calcium chloride concentration) on drug encapsulation efficiency (DEE, %) and drug release in 8h (R8h, %). Total thirteen batches of DRG-alginate IPN beads were prepared by ionotropic gelation method using calcium chloride as a cross-linking agent. The DEE (%) of the beads was found in the range 32.79-56.54%. Swelling of beads was high in phosphate buffer (pH 6.8) whereas, less in 0.1 N HCl (pH 1.2). The beads exhibited sustained release of DS for 8h (65.6±0.98 - 99.9±1.87%) and followed Higuchi model demonstrating non-fickian diffusion mechanism. The observed responses of the optimized batch were similar to the predicted values determined by Design Expert (V.7.0, Stat-Ease Inc, USA) software. The optimized DRG-alginate IPN beads may show good encapsulation of water soluble drugs followed by their sustained release for 8h which might be advantageous in terms of advanced patient compliance with reduced dosing interval.

Highlights

Till date, utilization of natural polymers for the development of various sustained release drug delivery systems has been the subject of great interest because natural polymers primarily remain attractive due to their easy availability, cost effectiveness, biodegradability and biocompatibility over synthetic polymers
Many researchers have carried out investigations on the interpenetrating network (IPN) beads of alginate blended with other polymers including Delonix regia gum (DRG) for controlled delivery of different drugs; a detailed study on performance of IPN hydrogel beads of Delonix regia seed polysaccharide (DRG) and sodium alginate has not been performed
Diclofenac sodium (DS) loaded DRG-alginate IPN beads were prepared by ionotropic gelation technique using CaCl2 solution as a cross-linker

Summary

Introduction

Utilization of natural polymers for the development of various sustained release drug delivery systems has been the subject of great interest because natural polymers primarily remain attractive due to their easy availability, cost effectiveness, biodegradability and biocompatibility over synthetic polymers. Literature revealed that xanthan gum, sodium alginate, cellulose ethers, scleroglucan, locust bean gum, guar gum and tamarind gum are some of the natural polysaccharides that have been evaluated in hydrophilic matrix for drug delivery systems (Salunkhe et al, 2014; Tommasina et al, 2007; Yamanaka et al, 2000). Amongst various statistical optimization designs, the central composite design which is response surface design has been commonly used for designing and optimization of different pharmaceutical formulations and process optimization (Singh et al, 2006) This technique is more flexible, very efficient and providing much information on experimental variable effects and requires minimum number of experimental runs and time. The prepared IPN beads were optimized by using central composite design

Methods

Results

Conclusion