Development and modern state of gardens and parks of former iron mines at Kryvorizhzhya

Abstract

The aim of the study to analyze the development and modern state of the gardens and parks of the former iron mines at Kryvorizhzhya.
 During 2013-2017, nine objects of landscape and park at Kryvorizhzhya were explored. Among them were: 1) seven operating parks («Ternivskyi», «Shakhtarskyi», «Zatyshnyi», Suvorov sports park, park near the Palace of Culture of mine «Rodina», «Saksahanskyi», «Rudanivskyi»), one abandonment park in the exclusion zone (Park of mine «Hvardiiska»), one garden of hotel «Park House» (private property). Initially, a historical description of the above objects of landscaping, as well as their structural and functional organization was presented. In the future, in the field conditions, by the route method, the present state of the gardens and parks was investigated and the general level of development of their shoots and shrubs was determined.
 System creation of gardens and parks on the territory of former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya began in the 30's of the 20th century, and became massive in the 50's and 60's of the twentieth century. After 80 years of the 20th century there was a change in their owners, a decrease in their social status and the cessation of necessary expenses for their maintenance.
 At the beginning of the XXI century, among the gardens and parks of the former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya, in the best condition is the Garden of the Hotel «Park House», which incorporates modern garden and park technology.
 Now the parks «Shakhtarskyi» and «Saksahanskyi» have the official status – the district parks of the city. The park «Ternivskyi» has the informal status of the main park of the neighborhood.
 That's why all these parks are actively used, and their territory is relatively well-groomed. Simultaneously others Parks («Zatyshnyi», near the Palace of Culture of mine «Rodina» and «Rudanivskyi») turned out to be less popular for visitors and less for owners. Therefore, their area and plantations - only partially well-groomed. Suvorov sports park, as well as Park of mine «Hvardiiska» are most de-structured. Therefore, their territory is practically unhealthy and the species composition of trees and shrubs degrades.
 In general, the current state of the gardens and parks of the former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya depends on «social demand», the degree of their remoteness from residential areas and containment technologies. The obtained results can be used during the development and substantiation of the system of measures for optimization of existing and designing of new garden and park plantings in industrial regions. In further research it is expedient to analyze the environmental conditions of the gardens and parks of the former iron mines of Kryvorizhzhya, as well as the floristic composition and the condition of woody-shrub species. In addition, it makes sense to expand the list of these mines and explore the gardens and parks of inactive mines to them May 1 and Ingulets.