BIODIVERSITY OF FLORA AND FAUNA IN CHARYN NATIONAL PARK

Abstract

The article discusses the biodiversity of the fauna, the vertebrate animals of the National park - fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals, as well as the assessment of the biodiversity of the most important component of the flora of protected areas - the species composition of trees and shrubs. According to the forest - growing and forestry zoning, the forest - growing province of the desert zone includes: saxaul and tugai forests, and in the Ili province of tugai forests, the forest-growing area of Ili ash, loch and willow tugai forests [1]. The flora of the national park includes more than 60 endemic, subendemic and rare species belonging to 20 families and 39 genera of plants [2,9]. Three species - the Ili ferula, the desert colossus and the kermek are relict, endemic. There are only 8 species that are narrowly endemic, of which three are acorn, ferula and sunbird - rare and listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan. There are 21 red Book species in total. Among them are barberry, ash, honeysuckle, turanga. Rare and endangered species listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan occupy a prominent place among the fauna [3,4,6]. According to the results of the assessment of the taxonomic biodiversity of the studied animals, relatively high indicators of representativeness were revealed for all their groups in the context of orders, families, genera and species. This also concerns the role of specially protected natural areas in the sustainable conservation of rare and endangered species listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan.