Development and Evaluation of an AZ31 Magnesium Alloy and Eggshell Powder Composite for Orthopedic Surgical Implants

Abstract

This research investigates the development and evaluation of a novel composite material composed of AZ31 magnesium alloy and eggshell powder, designed for use in surgical bone implants. The primary objective is to enhance the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of AZ31 by incorporating eggshell powder, which is known for its hardness and strength. The composite is fabricated using the stir casting technique, where the molten magnesium is mixed with finely ground eggshell powder to achieve uniform dispersion. The resulting samples are subjected to rigorous mechanical testing, including tensile and compressive strength evaluations, as well as hardness measurements. Additionally, the internal structure and particle distribution of the composite are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction, respectively. This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the material properties and structural characteristics of the composite, with a focus on its potential applications in orthopedic load-bearing implants and fixation devices, such as bone plates, joint replacements, screws, rods, dental implants, and cardiac stents. The findings are expected to contribute to the development of improved biomaterials for medical applications, leveraging the unique benefits of both magnesium alloy and eggshell powder.