Abstract
Titanium dioxide substrates have been synthesized by means of solid-state reactions with sintering temperatures varying from 1150 °C up to 1350 °C. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) where employed to investigate the crystal structure, grain size and porosity of the resulting samples. The obtained ceramics are tetragonal (rutile phase) with average grain sizes varying from 2.94 µm up to 5.81 µm. The average grain size of samples increases with increasing temperature, while the porosity decreases. The effect of microstructure on the dielectric properties has been also studied. The reduction of porosity of samples significantly improves the dielectric parameters (relative dielectric permittivity and loss tangent) in comparison to those of commercial substrates, indicating that the obtained ceramic substrates could be useful in the miniaturization of telecommunication devices.
Highlights
Dielectric materials were initially used in telecommunication as base materials for the fabrication of radio frequency and microwave components such as tunable filters, amplifiers and oscillators [1,2,3,4].Later, these materials were used as dielectric resonators for radio waves in antennas, opening up an important field in telecommunications [5]
We investigated titanium dioxide as a ceramic dielectric substrate for potential applications in telecommunication devices, in particular microstrip antennas
The X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of all samples is a single phase indexed as rutile according to Joint Committee on Powder Diffraction Standards (JCPDS) N◦ 21-1276
Summary
Dielectric materials were initially used in telecommunication as base materials for the fabrication of radio frequency and microwave components such as tunable filters, amplifiers and oscillators [1,2,3,4]. Later, these materials were used as dielectric resonators for radio waves in antennas, opening up an important field in telecommunications [5]. Ceramics present suitable electromagnetic properties, like high relative dielectric permittivity (εr ) and magnetic permeability (μ) [5], which favor their use in telecommunication devices. The dimension of an antenna is of the order of λ0 ε−0.5 , where λ0 is the free-space wavelength and ε is the dielectric constant, the antenna size can significantly reduce with by choosing a substrate with a high value of εr [6,7].
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