Abstract
Objective: The aim of the research work was to explore the use of Cajanus cajan (Pigeon pea) polysaccharide as a superdisintegrant. The novel superdisintegrant has been evaluated for its action by incorporating it into orodispersible tablets of Metformin Hydrochloride. Methods: Cajanus cajan starch was extracted from its seeds and superdisintegrant was developed by microwave modification of the extract. Various characterization tests such as gelatinization temperature, water absorption index, pH, and viscosity were used to identify the microwave-modified polysaccharide. The orodispersible tablets were made using a direct compression process employing varying concentrations of modified Cajanus cajan starch. Prepared tablets were tested for several pre and post-compression parameters and compared with a well-established synthetic superdisintegrant, sodium starch glycolate. The stability studies were conducted on an optimized formulation. Results: Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy study showed that the drug had no interactions with the microwave-modified Cajanus cajan starch. SEM confirmed that Cajanus cajan starch granules exhibited intact granular structure in oval shapes and smooth surfaces. After microwave modification, the Cajanus cajan starch component lost its granular structure, which further led to the generation of surface pores and internal channels, causing overall swelling responsible for superdisintegrant activity. The optimized formulation (ODF5) containing 15 % modified Cajanus cajan starch performed better in terms of wetting time (22.21 s), disintegration time (53.3 s), and in vitro drug release (92%), as compared to formulation prepared by synthetic superdisintegrant (ODF1). Conclusion: The present investigation concluded that modified Cajanus cajan starch has good potential as a superdisintegrant for formulating oro-dispersible tablets. Furthermore, modified Cajanus cajan starch is inexpensive, non-toxic and compatible in comparison with available synthetic superdisintegrants.
Highlights
The active pharmaceutical ingredient can be transported to the desired site of action safely and effectively through various drug delivery routes such as oral, parenteral, transdermal, and topical
A literature survey revealed that the C. cajan starch had not been used to date as a superdisintegrant, C. cajan was chosen for this research
The present study investigates the starch isolated from the seeds of C. cajan as a superdisintegrant in Orodispersible tablets (ODTs)
Summary
The active pharmaceutical ingredient can be transported to the desired site of action safely and effectively through various drug delivery routes such as oral, parenteral, transdermal, and topical. The major drawback with such dosage forms is the inconvenience in swallowing by the patients To overcome this limitation, tablets that dissolve rapidly in the oral cavity have become quite common. Metformin HCL is a water-soluble drug and most preferred to be administered orally It is available in the form of immediate-release tablets and sustained-release tablets. In diabetic patients where immediate action of metformin is required, the orodispersible tablet of a freely soluble drug such as metformin will offer faster and higher absorption than its conventional forms. There are no records in the literature that Cajanus cajan has been used as a superdisintegrant in the production of ODTs. This research aims to see if it's possible to make ODTs with 500 mg of metformin HCl with an immediate-release profile, a fast onset of action, and substantial patient compliance. This research emphasizes the effects of an extract from Cajanus cajan seeds and its microwave-modified form on tablet properties
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