Abstract
Due to the outdated higher requirements for reducing emissions of harmful substances in the combustion of fossil fuels and waste in particular, more and more research is needed, which will lead to the provision of various alternatives to influence the emerging pollutants into the atmosphere. This study deals with the development of experimental combustion units with a stationary fluidized bed with regulated parameters of primary and secondary air supply, performed fuel supply and flue gas parameters. Combustion is carried out in a bubbling stationary fluidized bed with a height of 100 mm and a diameter of 140 mm. The fluidized bed consists of ST 54 glass sand with a mean grain size of 0.22 mm. The basic purpose of the study is to describe the construction of the experimental unit with verification of its functionality. On the experimental equipment was realized experiments in terms of combustion various types of fuels, whether they are fossil fuels (coal), alternative fuels as straw pellets, sludge from wastewater treatment plants, sludge from paper mills or their combinations. Determination of temperature and pressure along the entire length of the unit is a device equipped with thermocouples and pressure sensors.
Highlights
Fluidized bed combustion is one of the three most basic types of solid fuel combustion
The preheated air is distributed on a "grate" in this case a silicon filter disc with a diameter of 90 mm, a thickness of 6 mm and a porosity of 16 micrometers. This is followed by a fluidized bed, which consists of glass sand ST 54 with a mean grain size of 0,22 mm
[10] The fluidized bed is surrounded by resistance heaters with a total output of 8,8 kW, which have the task of heating the combustion chamber to the required temperature
Summary
Fluidized bed combustion is one of the three most basic types of solid fuel combustion. The main goal of the design of the experimental fluidized unit was to design it so that it is possible to change the combustion parameters and at the same time the type of fuel almost immediately. [3] This fact has a positive effect on the formation of NOx compounds Another advantage is the possibility of dosing the sorbent directly into the fluidized bed to reduce SOx emissions. The disadvantage of combustion such fuels in a stationary fluidized bed is the greater amount of ash that the fuels carry. This fact leads to the degradation of the fluidized bed after a certain time and to a change in the character of combustion. Thermocouples, pressure sensors, flow regulators and flue gas analyzers are implemented in the boiler to assess the quality of this transformation. [8], [9]
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