Abstract
While the recent discovered new mode-locking mechanism - dissipative soliton - has successfully improved the pulse energy of 1 μm and 1.5 μm fiber lasers to tens of nanojoules, it is still hard to scale the pulse energy at 2 μm due to the anomalous dispersion of the gain fiber. After analyzing the intracavity pulse dynamics, we propose that the gain fiber should be condensed to short lengths in order to generate high energy pulse at 2 μm. Numerical simulation predicts the existence of stable 2 μm dissipative soliton solutions with pulse energy over 10 nJ, comparable to that achieved in the 1 μm and 1.5 μm regimes. Experimental operation confirms the validity of the proposal. These results will advance our understanding of mode-locked fiber lasers at different wavelengths and lay an important step in achieving high energy ultrafast laser pulses from anomalous dispersion gain media.
Highlights
While the recent discovered new mode-locking mechanism - dissipative soliton - has successfully improved the pulse energy of 1 μm and 1.5 μm fiber lasers to tens of nanojoules, it is still hard to scale the pulse energy at 2 μm due to the anomalous dispersion of the gain fiber
After analyzing the intracavity pulse dynamics, we propose that the gain fiber should be condensed to short lengths in order to generate high energy pulse at 2 μm
The weakly broadened pulse is compressed by the single mode fiber (SMF) and gain fibers (GFs) segments with anomalous group velocity dispersion (GVD)
Summary
While the recent discovered new mode-locking mechanism - dissipative soliton - has successfully improved the pulse energy of 1 μm and 1.5 μm fiber lasers to tens of nanojoules, it is still hard to scale the pulse energy at 2 μm due to the anomalous dispersion of the gain fiber. Experimental operation confirms the validity of the proposal These results will advance our understanding of mode-locked fiber lasers at different wavelengths and lay an important step in achieving high energy ultrafast laser pulses from anomalous dispersion gain media. Contrary to the encouraging results of DSs achieved in the 1 μ m and 1.5 μ m spectral regions, the pulse energies of 2 μ m fiber lasers still remain at a low level This is because the readily available gain fibers (GFs) in the 2 μ m region show relatively large anomalous dispersion, which results in mode-locking operation of 2 μ m fiber lasers often lying in the conventional soliton regime[23,24,25,26,27,28]. Wang et al reported a 2 μ m DS fiber laser with a similar DCF to manage the intracavity dispersion and obtained 0.45 nJ, 2.3 ps pulses[33]
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