Abstract
The most important stage in the technological operations for grain production is its post-harvest processing. At this stage, the quality of the grain masses is lost because the temperature condition inside bulk grain is almost never checked during temporary storage. In order to increase the technological efficiency of primary grain processing and storage, an installation has been designed that could preserve the quality of grain at low-capacity enterprises or during temporary storage. As the self-heating of grain during storage is a serious issue, the installation would also help solve the problem related to the temporary lack of storage facilities. Thus, using active grain ventilation makes it possible to improve the resistance of grain masses to storage. The available body of research into energy-saving drying processes, active ventilation, and purification of grain from light impurities mainly resolve highly specialized technological tasks. Of interest are those studies that aim to design and implement the rational equipment structure for the active ventilation and cleaning of grain from light impurities, which make it possible to practically execute non-stationary modes. This paper considers the efficiency of active ventilation and the reduction of energy costs depending on the installation's structural parameters; specifically, the height of the chamber and the speed of supply of warm air are selected. The height of the working chamber of 1 m and the air velocity of 1.1–1.4 m/s have been experimentally proven and theoretically substantiated.
Highlights
The cultivated land in the Republic of Kazakhstan is 272.5 million hectares, including 21.4 (8.8 %) million hectares for arable land
This paper considers the efficiency of active ventilation and the reduction of energy costs depending on the installation's structural parameters; the height of the chamber and the speed of supply of warm air are selected
The purpose of this study is to design a statistical model of active ventilation of the grain layer with high humidity providing for the selection of the optimal ratio of the height of the blown zone
Summary
The cultivated land in the Republic of Kazakhstan is 272.5 million hectares, including 21.4 (8.8 %) million hectares for arable land. Grain crops occupy 13.5 million hectares, including wheat ‒ 105 million hectares, rye ‒ 0.07 million hectares. The Republic of Kazakhstan is a major producer of spring wheat grain, including strong and hard varieties that are raw materials for making high-quality bakery, confectionery products, the best varieties of pasta and cereals. The countries are distributed in a different order. More than one ton of grain per capita is traditionally produced by the United States (1,213 kg); in China, this figure is only 321 kg, in India ‒ 213 kg. It exceeds one ton in Australia (1,741 kg), Hungary (1,653 kg), Canada (1,575 kg), France (1,049 kg), and other grain-producing countries
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