Abstract
Objective Negative thinking is a target for treatment of depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure (HF). A brief instrument is needed to measure negative thinking in these patients. The study objective was to shorten the Crandell Cognitions Inventory (CCI) for use in patients with HF. Methods Baseline data from outpatients with HF (N = 179, 30% were female, age 60 ± 13 years) were used to evaluate psychometrics of the CCI. Internal consistency reliability was measured with Cronbach’s alpha construct validity with hypothesis testing. Principal components analysis was used in shortening. A separate sample of hospitalized patients with HF (N = 77, 49% were female, age 66 ± 11years) was used to validate the shortened CCI (CCI-SF). Results The CCI showed evidence of reliability and validity, but there was item redundancy in outpatients with HF. The 12-item CCI-SF showed good evidence of reliability and validity in inpatients with HF. Conclusion The results support the reliability and validity of the CCI-SF to measure negative thinking in hospitalized patients with HF.
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