Abstract
A design scheme of multi-element sensor which included electrical resistivity probes, multiple Cl− selective electrodes, and a steel corrosion monitoring system was proposed in this work. Embedding this multi-element sensor in concrete enables the real-time and non-destructive monitoring of internal electrical resistivity, free Cl− (Clf) contents in the concrete pore solution at different depths, and steel corrosion parameters. Based on the monitoring data obtained by the multi-element sensor, the freezing-thawing (F-T) damage degree, the Clf diffusion coefficient, the quantitative relation between F-T damage degree and Clf diffusion coefficient, the initiation period of steel corrosion, and the critical content related to steel corrosion are determined. To conclude, the multi-element sensor provides key durability parameters for the establishment of the Clf diffusion model, the assessment of health condition, and the prediction of service life of concrete under the coexistence of the F-T cycle and Cl−.
Highlights
Modern reinforced concrete is widely applied due to its excellent workability, mechanical properties, and potential durability [1]
Half-cell potential and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of carbon steel were operated during the immersion. 5 concrete specimens were used to obtain the average results
This paper introduces a design scheme of multi-element sensor including electrical resistivity
Summary
Modern reinforced concrete is widely applied due to its excellent workability, mechanical properties, and potential durability [1]. Reinforced concrete durability has attracted great attention especially in marine areas where reinforced steel in concrete faces severe corrosion. The single Cl− penetration mechanism and the impact of Cl− on steel corrosion have been widely reported in previous research [3,4]. This is inconsistent with the real service environment where concrete suffers from more than one environmental factor, such as the F-T cycle, carbonation, drying-wetting cycle, and thermal gradient. The coupled action of Cl− and environmental factors usually leads to more severe deterioration and complex damage mechanisms than the single Cl− works [5,6,7]. In the marine and cold coexisting region, the F-T cycle leads to the generation and propagation of microcracks in concrete which, in turn, accelerates the Cl− diffusion rate and increases Cl− penetration depth [8,9] in concrete
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