Determining the mechanical characteristics of some tensile specimens, depending on the material and the printing position

Abstract

3D printing is finding more and more applications in the industrial field and represents a modern additive manufacturing process based on a digital model. There are a number of advantages of additive manufacturing through 3D printing compared to classic manufacturing processes. Additive manufacturing through 3D printing allows material savings compared to classic manufacturing processes. Material consumption is punctual according to the project, without unnecessary losses and excess material. Through additive manufacturing, the design can be optimized in the sense that rapid changes can be made to the prototype in the CAD file. Also, through additive manufacturing through 3D printing, the principle of sustainability is promoted. We can say that additive manufacturing through 3D printing ensures rapid prototyping, which leads to the development of new products, shortens the design and manufacturing cycle, improves the quality and precision of models, eliminates costly mistakes, and optimizes the way of collaboration between engineers, marketing departments and sales and management team. In addition to these advantages, it must be seen if the 3D printed elements can replace the elements manufactured by classical methods in terms of mechanical resistance. In this sense, an investigation of some mechanical properties of some samples manufactured by 3D printing from various types of materials is required. The samples will be subjected to tension and bending. In this paper, only the tensile tests of some specimens, obtained by 3D printing in three positions: horizontal, vertical and in height, using three categories of printing filaments of the type: ABS+, PETG, PLA+, are presented. They have been made 5 samples for each material and printing direction, resulting in a total of 45 samples. The samples made from the three categories of material and in the three printing positions were subjected to tension until breaking. The formulas that were the basis of the tests are presented and graphs are drawn that represent the average characteristic curves of the samples for each category of material and printing guidelines.