Abstract
Non-electrical equipment has been used for over 150 years in industries with potentially explosive atmospheres and great experience has been gained with regard to the application of protective measures to reduce the risk of ignition down to an acceptable safety level. The use of non-electrical equipment in explosive atmospheres required the development of specific requirements with regard to the concept of protection against the ignition of explosive atmospheres, which to clearly define protection measures and to include the experience gained and extended over the years. The practical studies, laboratory research and methods for assessing and testing the hazard of ignition by hot surfaces presented within the paper have as main purpose the improvement of ignition hazard assessment in different operating conditions.
Highlights
Checks must be carried out when using equipment and component in dangerous places to see if the risks of ignition can happen, taking into account the ignition processes
The fire risks must be taken to eliminate ignition sources to the dangerous place if there is the probability of occurrence
If the hazards generated by the hot surfaces have been identified, the specific requirement for the equipment must be fulfilled depending on the explosive atmosphere, group/category and operating mode
Summary
Checks must be carried out when using equipment and component in dangerous places to see if the risks of ignition can happen, taking into account the ignition processes. The fire risks must be taken to eliminate ignition sources to the dangerous place if there is the probability of occurrence If this is not available, extra protective measures should be implemented to ensure an adequate protection level [1, 2]. Protective measurement relies on the possibility of an explosive atmosphere occurring and the effects of possible explosions. In this sense the classification of non-electrical equipment is achieved through a difference between different categories of equipment, as specified in Directive 2014/34/EU – ATEx. In this sense the classification of non-electrical equipment is achieved through a difference between different categories of equipment, as specified in Directive 2014/34/EU – ATEx These categories reflect the requirements for different areas and hazard conditions [3,4,5]. The non-electrical equipment’s for potentially explosive atmospheres are classified in groups and categories – see the table 1
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