Determining the effect of stair nosing shape on foot trajectory during stair ambulation in healthy and post-stroke individuals

Abstract

Stair design can influence the risk of stair falls. Stair nosings are intended to provide greater foot accommodation, although to date little is known about how the nosing shape can affect foot trajectory during stair ambulation. This study investigates the impact of different nosing shapes (round, square, tapered, and no nosing) on foot clearance and overhang measures during stair ascent and descent among healthy and post-stroke older adults. Slower cadence in ascent and descent, and greater foot overhang during descent highlighted the increased risk of stair falls for persons with chronic stroke. For both healthy and post-stroke participants, the tapered and round nosing shapes resulted in the largest horizontal foot clearance, and smallest foot overhang, respectively. However, given the greater step-to-step variability detected with round nosings, the tapered nosing presents as the safest choice among all evaluated designs. The results of this work can be used to inform architectural and accessible design standards for a safer built environment.