Determine the effect of some environmental factors on the values of carbohydrates, proteins, total phenols and total alkaloids in Eucalyptus camaldulensis Kirkuk-Iraq.

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of seasonal variations in the values of primary metabolites (carbohydrates and proteins) and secondary metabolites (total phenols and total alkaloids) in Eucalyptus camaldulensis grown in the front garden of Kirkuk University. Plant samples were collected from three sites (east, middle, and west of the garden) in three seasons (winter, spring, and summer) from 31/1/2022 to 5/7/2022. Variation recorded in primary and secondary metabolite compounds values. Carbohydrates' highest values 17.78% were recorded in the spring in the third site while the lowest values7.23% were recorded in the first site in the winter. Proteins' highest values 19.64% were recorded in the first site in the summer while the lowest values 4.25% were recorded in the spring. Total phenols higher values78.99 ppm and total alkaloids 2.84 ppm was recorded in the second site in the spring and the lowest value was 44.88 ppm, and 1.58 ppm, respectively, in winter in the first site. Phenolic compounds were identified: Rutin, Chlorogenic Acid, Quercetin, Gallic, and Salicylic. It had an effective role in protecting the eucalyptus plant individuals from environmental factors stress. Eucalyptus camaldulensis individuals tend to use primary and secondary metabolite compounds to protect their cells in stress conditions in the winter and summer seasons.