Determine the effect of gamma irradiation towards the growth of two local garlic genotypes

Abstract

Garlic is a diploid plant that is propagated clonal or vegetatively so that the variability is low. Garlic breeding is limited to the selection of genetic varieties. Genetic diversity in garlic can be increased through mutation breeding. The study used Randomized Complete Block Design [RCBD] with the first factor being the two levels of genotypes [Tawangmangu Baru and Lumbu Kuning] and the second-factor is gamma-ray irradiation dose consisting of 7 level doses [0,1, 2, 3, 4, 6,8, and 10 Gy]. 14 treatments were groups 4 times and each experimental unit was planted 20 cloves. The cloves were irradiated according to the dosage of gamma rays in PAIR BATAN. The results showed there was a difference in the growth response of each genotype to gamma rays irradiation treatment. The greater the gamma rays irradiation applied the more it suppresses the growth of plant height, plant weight, bulb diameter, bulbil formation and decreases the living percentage of two local garlic genotypes. Gamma rays irradiation dose up to 2 Gy could increase bulb diameter in the 2 local garlic genotypes. Lumbu Kuning was significantly better growth response than Tawangmangu Baru at the same irradiation dose. The radiosensitivity of garlic genotype to gamma rays irradiation was different. Tawangmangu Baru was more sensitive than Lumbu Kuning. LD50 genotype Tawangmangu Baru was obtained at a dose of 7.5 Gy, LD50 Lumbu Kuning at a dose of 10 Gy.