Increased genetic variability of sugarcane through gamma ray irradiation

Abstract

To increase the genetic diversity of sugarcane can be done through induced mutation using gamma ray irradiation. This research was carried out to determine the response and radiosensitivity of calli sugarcane variety (Kidang Kencana) to gamma ray irradiation, and knowing the diversities of phenotypic mutant of sugarcane. The research was conducted at BATAN and ICECRD, from August 2012 until March 2013. This research was arranged in Completely Randomized Design with 6 doses of gamma ray irradiation (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 Gy). Each treatment consisted of 10 replications. Each replication consists of 5 clumps of calli. The observed variables were calli fresh weight, percentage of regenerated calli, number of shoots, shoot height, leaves number, roots number and plantlets number, calli and mutant phenotype. The results showed that the ability of calli to regenerate and shoot growth decreased with increasing doses of gamma ray irradiation. Radiosensitivity (LD20-LD50) of sugarcane calli Kidang Kencana variety to gamma irradiation were in the range of 10 and 30 Gy doses. Gamma irradiation 10 and 20 Gy doses caused the variability mutant phenotype were very high. It means that gamma irradiation can be used to increase the genetic variability of sugarcane.