Abstract
The review presents a chronological development of methods to determine the uric acid concentration in plasma, serum, and whole blood, based on various analytical methods such as spectrophotometry, spectrofluorimetry, chromatography, gas chromatography–mass spectrometry, amperometry, and calorimetry. A brief overview of these methods and the results of comparative tests are given. It was noted that enzymatic and nonenzymatic spectrophotometric procedures to determine the uric acid concentration in plasma, serum, and whole blood are currently, the most widespread in small, medium, and large clinical diagnostic laboratories. In addition, a number of enzymatic spectrophotometric methods and chromatographic methods are used as expert procedures. Chromatography–mass spectrometry procedures are often applied to certify standard uric acid samples in blood serum. Enzymatic and nonenzymatic spectrofluorimetric procedures are mostly used in scientific biomedical research. Amperometric procedures to determine the uric acid concentration in blood are rarely used in modern clinical and diagnostic practice, and some nonenzymatic spectrophotometric and calorimetric procedures are actually not used.
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