Abstract
The orthogonal array design has been used to determine the optimum conditions for the cementation of cadmium from a synthetic zinc sulfate solution and hence to achieve the highest cementation efficiency and the best robustness of the quantitation from the least number of trials in a laboratory scale. Cementation was performed using zinc powder. The orthogonal array L 9 (3 4) that comprises four parameters at three levels was chosen. The parameters and their levels were as: zinc powder quantity ( Z): 1, 1.2 and 1.5 times of stoichiometric quantity of cadmium; time ( t): 4, 8 and 12 min; temperature ( T): 25, 35 and 45 °C and zinc powder particle size distribution ( R): nos. 1–3. The ultimate optimum cementation conditions were found to be Z 1 (equal to stoichiometric quantity of cadmium), T 1 (25 °C), R 3 (no. 3) and t 1 (4 min). Under these conditions, cementation percentages for cadmium and nickel were 95.83% and 6.63%, respectively.
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