Abstract
This chapter presents a few methods for the determination of the number of viable organisms in a sample. Pour-plate method enables the number of living bacteria or groups of bacteria in a liquid sample to be counted. Roll-tube method is a modification of the pour-plate method in which inoculated nutrient agar is solidified as a thin, even film on the inside surface of a test-tube bottle. Miles and Misra surface count method consists of placing very small drops of serial dilutions on the surface of poured agar plates and counting the colonies that develop upon incubation of the plates. The chapter discusses membrane filtration. The membrane filter consists of a thin, very porous disc composed of cellulose acetate or mixed cellulose esters. The dilution count provides an estimate of the number of living organisms in a sample, which are capable of multiplying in a given liquid medium. Dye reduction methods depend upon the ability of microorganisms to affect the oxidation–reduction potential of a medium.
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