Abstract
Manila Trench subduction zone is capable to produce high magnitude of earthquake event that can generate a deadliest tsunami disaster. The 2006 tsunami source workshop conducted by United States Geological Survey (USGS) had classified Manila Trench as the most hazardous potential earthquake generated tsunami source in South China Sea. The giant megathrust rupture from Manila Trench has the ability to create an earthquake as powerful as the Great Tohoku tsunami in 2011 and the Indian Ocean tsunami in 2004. This technical paper aims to review the fault parameters used by different researchers in investigating the possibility of tsunami occurrences generated from Manila Trench earthquake to the coastal areas of Terengganu, Malaysia which is located within the vicinity of South China Sea. The selected fault parameters were simulated by using TUNA model in order to study the potential effects of Manila Trench earthquake induced tsunami. The outcomes of the simulation are the wave height and wave arrival time. At the end of this technical paper, an intensive approach is implemented to select the most significant fault parameters that create the potential worst-case tsunami scenario towards Terengganu coastal areas in terms of the highest and fastest first wave arrived.
Highlights
Tsunami is a hazardous natural coastal disaster impacting coastline areas and generally generated by natural events such as seaquakes, submarine landslides, volcanic eruptions and possibly caused by meteorites impact
Based on the results obtained from the simulation of tsunami by utilizing TUNA-M2 model, the tsunami wave height and wave arrival time were identified for each scenario
The fault parameters proposed by Mardi et al [7] and Liu et al [2] should be taken into account in conducting future study on the tsunami generated from Manila Trench earthquake towards Malaysia coastal regions
Summary
Tsunami is a hazardous natural coastal disaster impacting coastline areas and generally generated by natural events such as seaquakes, submarine landslides, volcanic eruptions and possibly caused by meteorites impact. This study focuses on the tsunami that is caused by earthquake activities from Manila Trench and its impacts toward Terengganu coastal regions. The generation and propagation phases are being studied by simulating the earthquake induced tsunami from Manila Trench source. The selected fault parameters were simulated by using TUNA-M2 model in order to study the potential effects of Manila Trench earthquake tsunami towards Terengganu coastal areas. At the end of this study, an intensive approach is implemented to determine the most significant fault parameters that create the potential worst-case tsunami scenario towards Malaysia offshore areas in terms of the highest and fastest first wave arrived. Future studies on simulation of tsunami generated from Manila Trench earthquake will be performed by utilizing the most significant fault parameters
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