DETERMINATION OF THE FUNCTIONAL STATE OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM IN PATIENTS WITH VIBRATION DISEASE BY ELECTRONEUROMIOGRAPHY INDICES

Abstract

Introduction. Vibration disease (VD) is a chronic occupational disease caused by the long-term influence of industrial vibration on the body, with prolonged contact with which a polyneuropathic syndrome is formed. Material and methods. 150 males were examined in the clinic. The first group consisted of 50 patients with VD associated with combined exposure to local and General vibration (48.7±3.1 years); the second - 50 patients with VB associated with exposure to local vibration (48.9±2.8 years); the third - 50 relatively healthy individuals without contact with vibration (49.1±2.5 years). Stimulation electroneuromyography (ENMG) was carried out according to the generally accepted method. The results of ENMG show demyelinating lesions of motor and sensory components to be registered in the examined VD patients, changes in the speed indices of axons of nerves of the upper and lower extremities are observed. Analysis of F-wave indices revealed the lesion of both the fastest and the slowest conductive fibers of the tibial and peroneal nerves in patients of both groups. There is an increase in the maximum amplitude of the F-wave and the F/M ratio, more pronounced in patients of the first examined group. In patients of the first and second examined groups, there is an increase in the blocks of the pulse, more pronounced with the combined effect of general and local vibration. Conclusion. Changes in the state of the peripheral nerves of the upper extremities are similar in patients of the first and second groups and consist in the presence of processes of demyelination of motor and sensory axons. In patients of the first group, there are more pronounced disorders in the state of the motor component of the nerves of the upper and lower extremities, while in persons of the second group there are sub-threshold changes in the lower extremities. Changes at the level of roots and in the functional state of the spinal cord neurons are more pronounced in patients of the second group.