Determination of the frequency of occurrence of functional disorders of the dental system in patients with different psycho-emotional status

Abstract

Dysfunctions of the temporomandibular joint have long been the subject of discussions among dentists. Many researchers identify a close relationship between the development of dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint and the psychological factor that causes hypertonicity of the masticatory muscles and a pronounced pain symptom. The purpose of this article was to determine the frequency of occurrence of functional disorders of the temporomandibular joint in patients with different psycho-emotional status. Materials and methods: In this work, the primary diagnosis of 237 patients aged 20 to 29 years was carried out. A survey and clinical examination of the examined patients was conducted for the presence of anomalies and deformities of the dental system, pathological erasability of hard tissues of teeth, bruxism, musculoskeletal dysfunctions. Functional disorders of the temporomandibular joint were assessed using the Hamburg test. The psychoemotional status of patients was assessed using the clinical questionnaire of neurotic states by K.K. Yakhin, D.M. Mendelevich. Results: Among the examined patients, temporomandibular joint dysfunction in patients with anxiety and depression was much more common than in patients with stable psychological status, (28.3 2.9) and (4.2 1.3) % respectively. A statistically significant relationship between the development of temporomandibular joint pathologies and the psychoemotional status of the patient was revealed. Conclusion: Thus, anxiety and depressive states should be taken into account as a risk factor for the development of functional disorders of the temporomandibular joint.