Determination of phase angle and amplitude error of voltage and current transformers up to some 100 Hz for loss measurements on power transformers

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For the load loss measurement of power transformers, current and voltage transformers with usually extremely low errors of phase angle and amplitude are used. However, even small errors of the measuring transformers may result in an error in the measured load loss. Therefore, national and international standards allow the correction of the measured value by the amount caused by phase angle and amplitude error of the measuring equipment [2–4]. The determination of the errors of phase angle and amplitude of measuring transformers is carried out on the basis of calibrated standard measuring transformers which are traceable to national standard equipment at rated frequency, e.g. at 50 and 60 Hz. For some applications – e.g. the load loss measurement of HVDC power transformers according to the draft of IEC standard 61378-2 [1] – a load loss measurement at frequencies other than rated frequency is required. For that, the errors of phase angle and amplitude of the measuring transformers must be known. This paper describes a method how to determine the phase angle and amplitude errors of the measuring transformers at arbitrary frequencies on the basis of the calibrated error values at rated frequency.