Determination of paracetamol in synthetic urea and pharmaceutical samples by shaker-assisted deep eutectic solvent microextraction and spectrophotometry

Abstract

In the present study, a new, simple and cheap shaker-assisted deep eutectic solvent microextraction (SA-DES-ME) procedure was developed for extraction of paracetamol in synthetic urea and pharmaceutical samples prior to its determination by UV–VIS spectrophotometer. The SA-DES-ME procedure is based on the selective extraction of paracetamol which deep eutectic solvents (DESs) prepared with choline chloride (ChCI)/betaine (Bet) and different hydrogen bond donors (HBDs).The DESs was used as the extraction solvent for the separation of the paracetamol-containing complex from the sample solution. Optimum values of experimental parameters were determined by univariate optimization method. Under optimum conditions, analytical results such as good linearity (50–800 µg L−1), quantitative recoveries (94.2–107.1%), low detection limit (14.9 µg L−1), and high sensitivity enhancement factor (135) were obtained using the proposed method. Additionally, the relative standard deviations (RSDs%) were less than 3.3% for repeatability and reproducibility analysis. The proposed procedure was successfully applied to the extraction and determination of paracetamol in pharmaceutical samples and synthetic urea using standard addition.