Abstract
A modified effective medium theory (MEMT) is introduced to determine morphological characteristics and the volume fraction of colloidal metallic nanoparticles. By analyzing the optical absorption spectra of gold nanoparticles (NPs), this model is used to determine the distribution of prolate and oblate NPs and to demonstrate the presence of spherical NPs. In addition to interband transition, the model takes into account the longitudinal and transversal surface plasmon resonances. The results predicted by the MEMT theory were found to be in very good agreement with the shape distributions obtained by transmission electron microscopy. We found that fitting optical absorption spectra using MEMT provides a robust tool for measuring the shape and concentration of metallic NPs.
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