Abstract
Thymbra spicata var. spicata is an important medicinal and aromatic plant species growing wild in various parts of Turkey with high significance in pharmaceutical and food industry. It makes it important to know the factors affecting higher yields of essential oil and possible influence of its mineral elements on pharmacological characteristics. This study was carried out to determine variations among seeds, mineral element content of herbs, yield of essential oils and oil composition of T. spicata accessions collected from 30 different locations lying at an altitude of 121–1249 m in Southeastern Anatolia and Mediterranean regions of Turkey. Essential oils from aerial parts of T. spicata were obtained by hydro-distillation and their components were identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. The results showed that Thymbra herbages were rich in microelements Al, Ca, Mg, Na and P. Essential oil composition of the samples ranged 1.57–3.27% with characterisation of two different chemotypes. The samples collected from Diyarbakir-Kulp location had 53% (approx.) γ-terpinene in their essential oil, whereas, the other samples had carvacrol as dominant chemical component with a range of 49.7–94.5%. It is planned to select T. spicata populations and introduce them as cultivars with high essential oil, fresh and dry herbage yield.
Published Version
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