Abstract
Determination of chilling and heat requirements of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars is important for satisfactory growth and development, particularly when large-scale commercial production is desired. This experiment was conducted to determine chilling requirement inducing vegetative and flower buds of Kalle-Ghuchi, Owhadi, Ahmad-Ahgaei, and Akbari pistachio. Shoots with enough vegetative and flower buds were taken from pistachio trees during autumn 2007 and 2008 when temperature reached to 15°C. Cuttings with flower buds were kept under (5±1)°C for 0, 600, 650, 700, 750, 800, 850, 900, 950, 1000, 1050, 1100, 1150, 1200, 1250, and 1300 h, respectively, and cuttings with vegetative buds were kept at 51°C until 1 500 h. The results indicated that pistachio cultivars requite chilling time between 750–1 400 h and heat requirements between 8 852-15 420 growing degree hours (GDH). Consequently, Kalle-Ghuchi had the lowest chilling (750–950 h), and heat (8852–9768 GDH) requirements, Ahmad-Aghaei and Owhadi had intermediate (1000–1250 h, 10656–13320 GDH) and Akbari had the highest chilling (1200–1400 h) and heat (11863–15420 GDH) requirement.
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