Determination of Chemical and Physical Properties for Seeds and Oils of Some Different Oleic and Linoleic Sunflower Types

Abstract

Chemical and physical properties of six different sunflowers of high oleic and linoleic cultivars and their extracted oils were determined. For each seed cultivar, there were determined thousand-grain weight, test weight, moisture and ash. Oil content ranged from 36.28 to 43.01 %. Predominant fatty acids in oils extracted from high oleic types were oleic acid from 69.44 to 87.23 % and linoleic acid content from 44.05 to 52.93 % for linoleic types. The total phenol content (TPC) of the oils ranged from 35 to 66 mg 100 g-1 of oil for oleic cultivars and from 24 to 87 mg 100 g-1 of oil for linoleic cultivars. Non-parametric mann-whitney test was performed to the TPC data and asymptotic significance value was determined as 0.690, so significant differences were not determined between oleic and linoleic types. According to the IC50 value, LG5400 had the highest was significantly different from others. It was also observed a significant difference for refractive index and iodine value and no significant difference for saponification values between oils. The study showed characterization for different types of seed oil that has made it possible to comment on industrial quality.