Abstract
Banana fruit is enriched with phytonutrients, minerals, and its peel, which is mostly discarded as waste. This research aimed to study its bioactive compound properties, antimicrobial activity, and identify and characterize the constituents of organic banana peel extract (BPE), composed of six species (i.e., Kluai Homthong, Kluai Namwa, Kluai Kai, Kluai Hukmook, Kluai Lebmuernang, and Kluai Homtaiwan). Total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant content, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were important in BPE of Kluai Kai. BPE of Kluai Hukmook could inhibit Aeromonas hydrophila and Staphylococcus aureus. The Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectrum exposed diverse compounds of primary and secondary phytochemicals. Four main constituents, including acetic acid, formic acid, 1,2-benzenediol,3-methyl-, and 4-hydroxy-2-methylacetophone derived from gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), demonstrated their antioxidant properties and antimicrobial activity. This result suggests that organic banana peel can both be applied as an antioxidant and antimicrobial substance. BPE increases the value of banana peels (BPs) and reduces the burden of its waste disposal in the environment.
Highlights
The natural compound from herbs and plants are widely used as growth-stimulating compounds, antimicrobial substances, and nutrients (Sulaiman et al 2011)
Results showed that the maximum extraction, for 3.50 g /10 g DM, yield was obtained from the banana peels (BPs) of Kluai Homthong
banana peel extract (BPE) showed a difference in Total phenolic content (TPC), antioxidant activity, and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP)
Summary
The natural compound from herbs and plants are widely used as growth-stimulating compounds, antimicrobial substances, and nutrients (Sulaiman et al 2011) They are enriched in bioactive compounds that include fiber and phenolic compounds, which are related to antioxidant capacity. It is grown extensively and comprises the fifth largest agricultural food crop in terms of world trade, ranking alongside rice, wheat, and maize It is a rich source of Determination of bioactive compounds, antimicrobial activity, and the phytochemistry of the organic banana peel in Thailand significant phytonutrients, including vitamins and phenolic compounds. It is notably enriched with minerals such as sodium phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, calcium, iron, copper, zinc, and manganese. In the banana processing industry, significant quantities of BP, equivalent to 40% of the total weight of a fresh banana, are generated as waste up to 0.3 million tons (MT) per year, posing a disposal problem (Housagul et al 2014)
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